X -radiation is a form of electromagnetic radation. X rays have a wave length in the range of 0.01 to 10 nanometeres.

There is no universal consensus defination between X -rays and gamma rays.These are two types of radiation based on their source

X-ray are produced by electrons.Whereas gamma rays are emitted by the atomic nucleus.

Types Of X-ray Production

1. Characteristics

2.Bremsstraslung(Braking)

Characteristics of x-ray production

When projectile electron interacts with inner-shell electrons of target atom, it ionizes the atom and temporary vaccination of electron is created.This is highly unnatural/unstable state for atom and is connected by the transition electron from outer shell to inner shell.The Transtion electron from outer shell to inner shell is acompained by the emission/production of x-ray.

As the electrons transists to lower energy level/shell excess energy is produced in the form of x-ray with energy equal to the difference of binding energy orbital electrons involved.

Binding energy are unique for given elements and so are the the difference of orbital energy, hence x-ray produced has the discrete energy that is the character of that element.

Bremsstraslung(Braking)

Bremsstraslung x-ray are produced, when a projectile electrons slowed down by the electric field of a target nucleus.

As the projectile electrons pass by nucleus, they interacts with atomic nucleus of target atom, the positive nucleus attract  the negative electrons, causing deceleration and redirection leaving with reduced kinetic energy.This loss in kinetic energy reappears as an x-ray.Bremsstraslung x-ray can be considered, radiation resulting from the breaking of projectile electrons.Projectile electrons can loose any amount of kinetic energy, hence the intensity of x-rays are also variable.